Date: March 28, 2025
Authors: Chen Taotao, Feng Jian, Qiao Ziyi, Song Qing, Rong Yu, Fan Jiwei
Case Introduction
This case mainly introduces how the China Foundation for Rural Development (formerly the China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation) successfully helped Nanyu Village in Laishui County, Hebei Province shake off poverty through the practice of the "Samsung Sharing Village - Beautiful Countryside Homestay" project of high-end homestay tourism, exploring a path of rural tourism poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics. Under the coupling of China's national policy environment and the specific conditions of Nanyu Village, and with the active promotion of the village Party committee cadres, the China Foundation for Rural Development has achieved both economic and social benefits by establishing an efficient and sustainable cooperative-based village collective governance system, introducing the professional homestay operation team "Yinju Xiangli", and providing training for villagers. As a successful practice of poverty alleviation in China, the smooth poverty eradication of Nanyu Village can offer valuable references for developing countries around the world.
Firstly, this paper briefly outlines the China Foundation for Rural Development. Then, taking the "5W1H+" poverty alleviation toolkit as the analytical framework, it elaborates on the specific content of the poverty alleviation project from three aspects: "Analysis of Poverty Scenarios and Causes", "Analysis of Poverty Alleviation Solutions and Implementation" and "Project Outcomes". Finally, it summarizes the main experiences of the poverty alleviation project to extract referenceable poverty alleviation strategies and ideas.
I. Overview of the China Foundation for Rural Development
The China Foundation for Rural Development, formerly known as the China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, is a national public welfare institution guided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China and operated on a daily basis by the National Rural Revitalization Administration (formerly the Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development under the State Council). Established in 1989 under the care of the Party Central Committee and the State Council as a public foundation, it was renamed the China Foundation for Rural Development in 2022. Under the strategic guidance of the National Rural Revitalization Administration, the foundation has always adhered to the tenet of targeted poverty alleviation and carried out in-depth projects in four major areas: health poverty alleviation, education poverty alleviation, livelihood poverty alleviation and disaster relief poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, it is committed to promoting the development of county-level agricultural enterprises and the revitalization of rural industries, such as the "Prosperous People Workshop" project, which drives the sustainable growth of rural industries through capital and talent support.
With the long-term attention of Chinese society to poverty alleviation work, the government-supported China Foundation for Rural Development has won extensive social trust and become an important link between the government and social forces in the cause of poverty alleviation. By the end of 2023, the foundation had received a total of 11.712 billion yuan in donations of funds and materials from all sectors of society, benefiting 73.1821 million people including the poor and disaster-affected residents. Many large enterprises, such as Samsung China and Jiaduobao Group, have also joined hands with the foundation to actively fulfill their corporate social responsibilities and support China's poverty alleviation and rural revitalization efforts.
II. The Case of Nanyu Village in Laishui County: High-end Homestays Power Poverty Alleviation
(I) Analysis of Poverty Scenarios and Causes (what, when, where, why)
In 2013, against the backdrop of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, the China Foundation for Rural Development, relying on the trust of all sectors of society, launched a rural tourism poverty alleviation project in China in cooperation with Samsung China. Nanyu Village, Laishui County, Baoding City, Hebei Province, located in the Taihang Mountain area, seized the historic opportunity to shake off poverty that had lasted for thousands of years and attracted the foundation's attention with its strong endogenous motivation and great potential for poverty eradication.
1.Identification of Poverty
Nanyu Village's precious opportunity for poverty eradication is closely linked to the temporal background of the project. In 2013, the Chinese government launched the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, which elevated poverty alleviation to a new national level and gained extensive support and attention. With the concept of targeted poverty alleviation deeply rooted in people's minds, the China Foundation for Rural Development and Samsung China jointly launched the "Samsung Sharing Village - Beautiful Countryside Homestay" rural tourism poverty alleviation project in 2014. With a planned investment of 180 million yuan, the project selected 13 poor villages nationwide to build their self-developing "hematopoietic" capacity by supporting the development of high-quality homestay tourism and agricultural product e-commerce. It would conduct industrial positioning and planning for these villages, improve infrastructure, and organize villagers to set up cooperatives to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of poverty alleviation work.
In 2015, the China Foundation for Rural Development decided to select a village in Hebei Province to implement the "Beautiful Countryside Homestay Tourism Poverty Alleviation Project". Upon the announcement, 22 poor villages from 5 poor counties in Hebei Province actively applied for this precious opportunity. After three rounds of inspections, three rounds of evaluations and a pilot project selection process, Nanyu Village stood out eventually. Its poverty situation and great potential for poverty eradication were recognized by the foundation, making it one of the first batch of "Samsung Sharing Villages".
2.Basic Conditions of Nanyu Village
Before 2014, Nanyu Village in Laishui County, Baoding City, Hebei Province was a typical poor village in China facing extreme economic poverty. In 2014, the village had 213 households with a total population of 636, among which 183 were poor households with 521 poor people. The per capita annual income was only about 2,000 yuan that year, and more than 80% of the villagers lived below the poverty line.
However, opportunities lie in adversity, and Nanyu Village boasts great potential for poverty eradication. Geographically, it is adjacent to popular tourist destinations such as Yesanpo and Shidu; in terms of market potential, it relies on the capital city and has a huge potential tourist market; in terms of its own characteristics, the village's unique traditional architectural style of northern Hebei dwellings and the idyllic natural scenery are highly attractive tourism resources. Fully exploring and utilizing these potential advantages will surely inject strong impetus into Nanyu Village's poverty alleviation and prosperity.
3.Analysis of Poverty Causes
Through further investigation into the poverty situation of Nanyu Village in Laishui County, we can summarize its poverty causes into "general causes" and "specific causes".
(1) General Causes: Backward infrastructure and lack of pillar industries, a typical poor village with widespread poverty
In terms of general causes, Nanyu Village, like other poor villages in China, suffers from widespread and severe poverty.
First and foremost, the extremely backward infrastructure is one of the important causes of poverty. Most roads in the village were dirt roads, which were dusty on sunny days and muddy on rainy days, making it almost impossible for villagers to travel when heavy rain struck. The living conditions were also harsh: only a handful of houses in the village were in good condition, while most were dilapidated and lacked basic living facilities.
Secondly, Nanyu Village had no pillar industries. Due to the poor soil, villagers had limited sources of income. Some villagers made a living by raising goats, while most young and middle-aged laborers chose to work in cities in pursuit of a better life, resulting in the outflow of labor force.
(2) Specific Causes: Proximity to scenic spots yet failure to benefit from development dividends
① Inconvenient transportation restricts tourist access
Nanyu Village is adjacent to the national 5A-level scenic spot Yesanpo and is just a stone's throw away from the Shidu Scenic Spot in Fangshan District, Beijing. Such geographical advantages should have been a strong driving force for local economic development. However, due to the backward transportation facilities, this potential advantage has not been converted into actual economic benefits. Nanyu Village is located on the east bank of the Juma River, while the main tourist road to Yesanpo Scenic Spot is on the west bank. For a long time, only a simple civil-wooden bridge has barely connected the two banks - this not only hindered the smooth arrival of tourists but also greatly restricted the development of Nanyu Village's tourism industry and economic vitality. Since the development of tourism in Yesanpo in 1986, transportation bottlenecks have always been a stumbling block to Nanyu Village's development, causing it to miss numerous opportunities brought by tourism development.
② Lack of market awareness and modern operation skills
The situation of Nanyu Village profoundly reveals a common structural problem in rural revitalization: despite its abundant ecological resources and profound traditional cultural heritage, it has long been trapped in the development dilemma of "affluent poverty" due to the lack of professional operation capacity and market docking mechanisms. Villagers knew little about the rural tourism models favored by urban residents, had no clear ideas on how to transform old houses into attractive homestays, let alone practical experience in sustainable operation. On the whole, Nanyu Village had comprehensive shortcomings in understanding market demand, developing competitive tourism products and maintaining professional operation.
To sum up, after multiple rounds of selection, Nanyu Village finally stood out in the rural tourism homestay project of the China Foundation for Rural Development. After an in-depth analysis of its poverty situation and root causes, a high-end homestay poverty alleviation plan aiming to tap Nanyu Village's tourism potential is on the horizon.
(II) Analysis of Poverty Alleviation Solutions and Implementation (who, how)
Having insight into the causes of poverty and analyzed the potential for poverty eradication in Nanyu Village, the China Foundation for Rural Development, as the leading party, implemented the high-end homestay poverty alleviation project. Backed by the Chinese government, the foundation has won the trust of all parties and closely cooperated with the Party Committee of Nanyu Village and the professional homestay operation team "Yinju Xiangli", driving villagers' participation. With the dual drive of reconstructing the institutional system of the village collective governance and professional homestay operation combined with local talent training, it has effectively promoted poverty alleviation work in Nanyu Village and injected strong impetus into the village's poverty eradication path.
1.The Government Creates a Favorable Environment for Poverty Alleviation, Empowering the China Foundation for Rural Development to Gain Social Trust
The Chinese government's emphasis on poverty alleviation is an important thread running through history. For years, it has continuously promoted the steady progress of poverty alleviation by formulating and implementing a series of policies and plans. The proposal of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy in 2013 elevated poverty alleviation to a new national level, marking a systemic transformation of China's poverty alleviation work from macro policy-making to targeted implementation, and gaining extensive support and attention from all sectors of society. This strategy is not only a policy innovation but also the popularization of a concept, enabling the whole society to have a new understanding and attention to poverty issues.
Under the government's leadership, poverty alleviation has become a social consensus, creating a favorable environment for the development of public welfare organizations. Growing stronger in such an atmosphere, the China Foundation for Rural Development, under the guidance of the National Rural Revitalization Administration, focuses on rural development, carries out a number of poverty alleviation projects, wins extensive social trust and attracts cooperation with enterprises such as Samsung. Hence came the 180 million yuan "Samsung Sharing Village - Beautiful Countryside Homestay" rural homestay tourism poverty alleviation project to support poor villages, which attracted the attention of Nanyu Village in Hebei Province, a poor village long expecting poverty eradication opportunities, to apply for the project. This reflects the coupling of the social poverty alleviation atmosphere created by the government and Nanyu Village's deep aspiration for poverty eradication.
2.The Village Party Secretary Mobilizes Villagers to Go All Out to Apply for the Foundation's Poverty Alleviation Project, Demonstrating the Village Committee's Determination and Executive Capacity
To successfully attract the "Beautiful Countryside Homestay" project to settle in Nanyu Village, Duan Chunting, Secretary of the Village Party Branch, devoted all his efforts. He not only stimulated the active participation of all villagers but also spent his own money to do his utmost to improve the village's infrastructure.
First, improve the village's appearance and environment. To solve the problem of villagers relying on flashlights for night travel, Duan Chunting led the installation of 90 energy-saving and environment-friendly solar street lamps. To address the problems of sewage flowing freely on the streets and random piling of domestic waste, he promoted the implementation of household sewage pipelines and garbage classification. Duan Chunting personally followed the garbage classification truck, went from street to street and door to door to collect garbage, and provided on-site guidance to correct improper classification. Eventually, the whole village realized a unified water supply and sewage discharge system, and domestic waste was classified and transported in a timely and effective manner.
Second, build village roads. Duan Chunting did not hesitate to take out 60,000 yuan originally intended for factory expansion as start-up capital, with the rest raised by the villagers together. Everyone brought their own tools and worked voluntarily to build bridges and pave roads. In the low-water period of the Juma River in early winter, they started construction, building bridge piers with stones and pouring concrete to build a concrete submerged bridge. In the spring of the following year, a cement road leading to the village was built from the main road outside the village to the auxiliary roads inside.
Third, restore the natural ecology. To restore the natural ecology of the village and the surrounding mountain slopes, Duan Chunting, together with the village Party and village committee team, mobilized villagers to plant flowers and trees around their houses, and implemented the closing of hillsides for afforestation on 20,000 mu of mountainous land in the whole village. To persuade villagers to give up goat herding, he sought alternative livelihoods. Some physically strong goat herders were arranged to work on construction sites, while the weaker ones became forest rangers on the mountains. In this way, the livelihood problems of goat herders were properly solved, and the ban on grazing and the promotion of afforestation were carried out smoothly.
Through these unremitting efforts, he demonstrated the village committee's firm determination and strong executive capacity to the China Foundation for Rural Development, aiming to increase Nanyu Village's chances of being selected in the fierce competition. In 2015, after three rigorous rounds of inspections, evaluations and a pilot project selection process, Nanyu Village stood out among 22 poor villages in 5 poor counties of Hebei Province and was successfully selected as one of the first batch of "Samsung Sharing Villages". In an interview, Hao Demin, Director of the Beautiful Countryside Project Department of the China Foundation for Rural Development, said: "When we saw a village Party secretary in his late fifties getting up at six every morning to polish the report materials and refine the presentation slides word by word, we knew that such grassroots cadres care nothing for personal gains and losses but have a sincere dedication to the cause of rural revitalization. Their actions themselves are the most powerful commitment."
In April 2016, with the joint efforts of the China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and the Laishui County Government and the financial support of Samsung China, the "Beautiful Countryside Homestay" project in Nanyu Village was officially launched.
3.Relying on Rich Experience, the China Foundation for Rural Development Restructures the Village Collective Organizational Structure and Establishes a Cooperative Mechanism for Sustainable Management
After selecting Nanyu Village as the poverty alleviation target, the China Foundation for Rural Development dispatched a professional team with the core strategy of building a cluster of high-quality homestays integrating modern facilities and local characteristics, creating a new form of cultural and tourism integration, promoting the development of rural tourism and realizing poverty alleviation and prosperity. Different from the conventional poverty alleviation paths, the foundation first focused on institutional construction - reconstructing the village-level governance system, implementing the joint-stock cooperative mechanism, and building a benefit distribution mechanism that balances inclusiveness and incentives. It not only guarantees the basic income rights of all villagers but also realizes a virtuous circle of "more pay for more work" through performance evaluation, laying a solid organizational foundation for subsequent industrial operation.
First, the China Foundation for Rural Development has realized effective village collective management by restructuring the organizational structure. Relying on its rich experience in carrying out poverty alleviation projects nationwide for many years, the foundation has tried various poverty alleviation models in different regions, accumulated valuable experience and lessons, and mastered the key ability to coordinate various subjects such as villagers, township governments and county governments in the process of capital going to the countryside. The cooperative mechanism is the crystallization of rich experience. This system adopts an organizational framework of "three-level linkage and mutual assistance among five households": among the 224 households in the whole village, every five households voluntarily form a group as the first-level linkage unit; each group elects a representative to form the second-level linkage; the third-level linkage consists of 14 core members including the council, the board of supervisors and Party members of the village Party and village committee team, with Duan Chunting, Secretary of the Party Branch, serving as the chairman, jointly promoting the orderly management and sustainable development of the village.
Second, the China Foundation for Rural Development has established a benefit distribution method of "shared by all villagers, more pay for more work and helping the poor and needy" through the joint-stock cooperative. The high-quality homestays developed by the project have become a common source of wealth for the villagers. The cooperative integrated donations from all sectors of society and poverty alleviation funds allocated by the Laishui County Party Committee and Government, and invested them in the construction of homestays in the form of common ownership by villagers, ensuring that every villager has shares and every household can participate. Thus, 15 high-quality homestays have become the common assets of all. In terms of share distribution, a poverty alleviation strategy was adopted: each ordinary cooperative member holds one share, while each registered poor household holds two shares. At the same time, villagers not only receive dividends but also participate in operation, enjoying more pay for more work. After the homestays were completed and put into operation, the foundation also publicly recruited housekeepers in the village. In addition to a fixed basic salary every month, the housekeepers' income is directly linked to the business performance of the homestays. They can earn performance bonuses by providing high-quality services and winning customer praise, which has greatly boosted the villagers' work enthusiasm and motivation.
"The construction of the mechanism means that we should not only pursue inclusiveness but also avoid fostering laziness, and implement more pay for more work on the premise of basic security. As long as we teach them these methods, mechanisms and rules, and they form good habits, we will no longer need to station in the village, and truly return the rights to the village - that is what autonomy means." Hao Demin said in an interview. By restructuring the village collective organizational structure and establishing a scientific distribution mechanism, Nanyu Village has laid a solid foundation for its sustainable development.
4.Introducing the Professional Homestay Team "Yinju Xiangli" for the Whole-process Management of High-end Homestays
With an efficient village-level governance system and a benefit distribution mechanism balancing inclusiveness and incentives in place, the China Foundation for Rural Development then introduced the professional homestay team "Yinju Xiangli", which is deeply engaged in rural culture and tourism, and built a whole-industry-chain empowerment system of "resource identification - homestay transformation - operation management".
First of all, the first thing the professional team of "Yinju Xiangli" did was to walk through the whole village with designers and finally select 15 abandoned old houses for "acupuncture-style" transformation. On the basis of fully preserving the architectural texture of traditional northern Hebei rural dwellings, they implanted modern living service modules, re-planned the internal space and added modern facilities such as floor heating and sanitary ware, retaining the nostalgia while creating value.
Subsequently, after the transformation of the homestays, "Yinju Xiangli" did not leave but continued to serve as the operator to provide professional operation and management in Nanyu Village. From pricing strategies to online promotion, "Yinju Xiangli" has made up for Nanyu Village's shortcomings in professional operation capacity of homestay tourism and the lack of market docking mechanisms, enabling the sustainable development of the project. It has created the brand IP of "Hillside of Wild Thyme" combining local characteristics, activating the dormant rural assets through market-oriented means.
5.Professional Training Combined with Demonstration Leadership to Stimulate Villagers' Enthusiasm for Joint Participation
Poverty alleviation projects should not rely solely on the enthusiasm of the government, foundations and professional teams. Their core essence is to stimulate the active participation of local people, transforming them from passive recipients of poverty alleviation to active participants in poverty eradication practice. The high-end homestay poverty alleviation project in Nanyu Village has effectively promoted the in-depth participation and self-development of villagers through two strategies: "direct guidance through professional training" and "indirect driving through demonstration effect".
On the one hand, the China Foundation for Rural Development adopted a dual-track model of "professional operation + local participation" in homestay operation. In addition to introducing the professional team of "Yinju Xiangli", it further selected homestay housekeepers from among the villagers and provided professional training for the selected villagers to ensure that they are competent for the posts. According to the village's homestay operation regulations, the application age for the housekeeper position is limited to 35 to 50 years old. However, to support poor households, some villagers beyond the age limit are specially allowed to participate, which once again reflects the concept of "helping the poor and needy" of the poverty alleviation project and brings warmth to every corner.
On the other hand, the remarkable results of the project have formed a demonstration effect, and villagers have begun to take the initiative to participate in homestay transformation. In September 2016, two sets of homestays in Nanyu Village were officially opened to the public after renovation and upgrading. By the end of the year, each member of the cooperative received a dividend of 100 yuan, while each poor household received 200 yuan. In the following seven months, with the joint efforts of the China Foundation for Rural Development and the villagers of Nanyu Village, the second phase of six homestays was successfully completed and put into operation during the May Day holiday in 2017. Witnessing the benefits brought by the homestays with their own eyes, the villagers' trust in the cooperative has been increasing day by day. Many villagers took the initiative to contact the cooperative, hoping to join the third phase of the homestay transformation project. The atmosphere of running homestays in the village is rising, and the economic situation has gradually improved and moved towards prosperity.
(III) Project Outcomes: Win-win Economic and Social Benefits
Having deployed a variety of poverty alleviation projects nationwide for many years, the China Foundation for Rural Development has accumulated profound practical experience. In the practice of Nanyu Village, the high-end homestay poverty alleviation project launched by the foundation has achieved great success, scoring remarkable achievements in both economic and social benefits.
1.Economic Leap: The High-end Homestay Project Drives the Income Growth of Nanyu Village
Economically, the high-end homestay project in Nanyu Village has played a decisive role in raising the village's income level. Since the first two sets of homestays in Nanyu Village were completed and put into operation in September 2016, the village's economic situation has been steadily improving. By the end of the year, these two homestays brought a business turnover of 80,000 yuan to the village, bringing tangible economic benefits to the villagers. In 2017, with the put into use of six newly added homestays, the business turnover of the homestay project soared to 1.74 million yuan in just half a year, a remarkable figure demonstrating the strong profitability of the project. In 2018, the cooperative invested resources to renovate seven more homestays, and the year-end dividend reached 2.68 million yuan. The per capita income of the whole village thus jumped to 7,600 yuan, and Nanyu Village finally shook off the poverty hat successfully. Villagers have also realized the beautiful vision of "earning three incomes without leaving home": a "basic salary" as homestay housekeepers, a "performance salary" linked to the homestay's business performance and customer praise, and a "year-end dividend" as members of the cooperative according to their shares.
The successful operation of the high-end homestay project has not only brought significant economic growth to Nanyu Village but also provided a stable source of income for the villagers, greatly improving their living conditions and laying a solid foundation for the sustainable development of the village. In 2021, Duan Chunting, Secretary of the Village Party Branch, was awarded the title of National Advanced Individual in Poverty Alleviation. He said in an interview: "I am truly honored to receive this honor. Our goal is to let the people live a good life!"
2.Social Transformation: The High-end Homestay Project Revitalizes the Social Vitality of Nanyu Village
Socially, the success of the high-end homestay project has not only brought economic benefits but also profoundly reshaped the social structure of Nanyu Village and the living conditions of the villagers. The successful operation of the project has stimulated the villagers' internal potential, ignited their entrepreneurial enthusiasm, and thus triggered a comprehensive renewal of the village's social fabric.
With the vigorous development of homestays, some entrepreneurial villagers have begun to run homestays independently, combining traditional rural culture with modern service concepts to provide tourists with a unique accommodation experience. At the same time, this trend has attracted many young people to return to their hometown to start businesses, bringing new knowledge and perspectives and injecting fresh blood into the countryside. These changes have jointly transformed Nanyu Village from a declining and poor state to a vibrant one full of vitality. "Our village has completely changed from its once declining and poor state. A large number of young people have returned, and even residents from other villages have come here to seek jobs," Duan Chunting said proudly.
The project has also had a significant impact on the villagers' mental state and cultural quality. Middle-aged rural women in their forties and fifties who once mainly engaged in agricultural work have now transformed into homestay housekeepers. They not only have a stable source of income but also improved their professional skills and service awareness in the process of providing services, and their family and social status have also been raised accordingly. The children in the village have also benefited a lot from these changes. Interacting with tourists, they have not only learned to communicate and cooperate and become more cheerful and confident but also broadened their horizons and significantly improved their overall temperament through exposure to different cultures and lifestyles.
To sum up, the successful operation of the high-end homestay project has not only brought economic prosperity to Nanyu Village but also promoted the all-round development of villagers at the social level, enhanced the community's cohesion and happiness, and laid a solid social foundation for the long-term prosperity and progress of the countryside.
III. Experience Summary
As a model of poverty eradication for typical poor villages under the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, this project has gathered the efforts of the government-supported poverty alleviation foundation, the village Party organization playing a core role, and the introduced market-oriented professional operation team. This cooperation model demonstrates the unique charm of the poverty alleviation path with Chinese characteristics in the Chinese context, from which the following valuable experiences can be extracted:
First, in the Chinese context, the coupling of the national policy environment and individual cases is crucial. As a developing country, China has a weak foundation, a poor economic base, unbalanced development and has long been plagued by poverty. To this end, the Chinese government has carefully formulated and continuously updated a series of poverty alleviation plans and programs to adapt to the new characteristics of the times. It is based on the Chinese government's long-term commitment and perseverance to poverty alleviation that poverty alleviation has become a social consensus, enabling the pooling of various resources such as capital, human resources and materials to form a strong synergy; it has also made institutions such as the China Foundation for Rural Development widely trusted by society. Under the government's leadership, various institutions have closely cooperated to build a collaborative governance pattern led by the government and participated by multiple parties. With the support of such a macro policy environment, poor villages like Nanyu Village in Hebei Province can seize opportunities and receive necessary assistance to solve the long-standing poverty problem.
Second, building an effective governance organization system for poor communities is essential for the smooth progress and steady operation of poverty alleviation projects. After settling in Nanyu Village, the top priority of the China Foundation for Rural Development was to restructure the village's collective governance structure. The implementation of the cooperative organizational model of "three-level linkage and mutual assistance among five households" has not only promoted the orderly management of the village but also laid a solid foundation for subsequent benefit distribution and the sustainable development of the village. This practice is the crystallization of valuable experience and wisdom accumulated by the China Foundation for Rural Development in the process of implementing various poverty alleviation projects nationwide.
Third, the inherent value of rural resources needs to be discovered and realized in the market, and the integrated design and operation by external market players is a low-cost path to realize the market value of rural resources. In the Nanyu Village project, on the one hand, it benefited from the active promotion of villagers and village cadres, especially Duan Chunting, Secretary of the Village Party Branch; on the other hand, it was inseparable from the participation and support of the foundation's project team and the professional homestay operation team "Yinju Xiangli". Relying solely on the strength of villagers and village cadres, it is difficult to independently establish the operation system of village-level collective economic organizations and village governance, as well as the operation and management system of Nanyu Village Tourism Cooperative. Remote villages taking the road of shared development for common prosperity need to be driven in an all-round way by developing and expanding village collective economic organizations, and at the same time need to introduce external market players to enable the countryside to access urban civilization, connect with the needs of urban sectors and provide high-quality products and services. The experience of Nanyu Village reveals that this development model helps to realize the potential value of rural resources and promote a win-win situation for villagers and the external market.
In summary, under the profound insight of the "5W1H+" poverty alleviation analytical framework, the high-end homestay poverty alleviation project in Nanyu Village, Laishui County, Hebei Province reflects a path of poverty eradication with Chinese characteristics. Closely coupled with the policy environment of targeted poverty alleviation, the project, led by the China Foundation for Rural Development, has not only maximized the exploration and utilization of Nanyu Village's tourism resource potential but also effectively made up for the village's deficiencies in market awareness and professional knowledge through measures such as restructuring the organizational structure and introducing market-oriented professional operation teams. This project has not only significantly raised the economic income of the residents of Nanyu Village but also changed the overall mental outlook of this once poor village, embodying the value of the Chinese characteristic multi-governance mechanism of "government leadership - social organization empowerment - market drive - villager co-construction", and contributing Chinese governance wisdom and solutions to the global cause of poverty alleviation!
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to the Party Committee of Sanpo Town, Laishui County, Hebei Province, the Party Branch of Nanyu Village, Sanpo Town, Laishui County, Hebei Province, and the Beautiful Countryside Project Department of the China Foundation for Rural Development for their research support for this study.
